Virginia

Hands up who saw this post title and thought that I’d be talking about Mrs. Woolf? Well, that was the immediate connection in my mind when I saw Virginia on the shelf in my local £2 bookshop. If it was the title that made me pick it up, it was (a) the beauty, (b) the brevity, and (c) the Scandinavian..ity… that made me buy it. You know what a sucker I am for all those things. And it felt just the right book to read after church, in the park, on a beautifully sunny afternoon.

Jens Christian Grøndahl is a Danish writer who’s probably really well known, but was new to me. Virginia (2000, translated 2003 by Anne Born) is a deceptively simple novella about guilt and the ways in which brief encounters in other people’s lives can change the paths taken for both. If that’s ringing Atonement-sounding bells in anyone’s minds, then you’re not entirely off the mark – but Grøndahl treats the topic rather more calmly. I haven’t read enough Scandinavian literature to comment, I suppose, and I can’t read any except in translation, but I’m going to generalise wildly nonetheless. Scandinavian literary fiction seems to bathe the action in a haze – the beautiful landscapes are reflected in the choice of language, which isn’t short and sharp, but slightly dreamy and pensive. The Guardian reviewer wrote that Virginia ‘makes even Chekhov seem effusive.’ Of course there’s The Girl With The Gruesome Shocks to prove me wrong, but I did say ‘literary fiction’…

Virginia begins in 1942 in occupied Denmark. A young woman (I’m going to take a plunge and say that she’s unnamed, because I don’t *think* we’re told that she’s called Virginia – that name becomes important elsewhere) leaves Copenhagen to stay with a family she barely knows on the North Sea coast – presumably to avoid a city in wartime, although this is never really spelt out. Here is the first paragraph of Virginia, which gives you a taste of the prose:

You could never get used to the sound, the distant drone of aircraft engines passing high overheard in the night. It was hot under the sloping timber roof, and she kept her window open. She lay with one leg outside the duvet, breathing in the stuffy holiday cottage air and feeling the cool breeze on her calf and thigh, listening to the small dry click when the wooden edge of the black-out curtain bumped against the window-frame. She’d just had her sixteenth birthday that summer, the only time she stayed at the house by the sea. She didn’t belong here. She slipped out of our life and we slipped out of hers.

One of that family is our narrator (also unnamed?) who, at fourteen, is a couple of years younger than her, and something of a distant admirer. There is precious little dialogue between them, and almost no indirect speech – in fact there is barely any direct speech throughout Virginia – but Grøndahl evokes their dynamics perfectly. He is full of calf love, and she doesn’t really notice he’s there. The awakening of first infatuation is a topic which has been treated time and again, and although Grøndahl’s approach is gentle and subtle, it would not suffice as the pivot of even so short a novella – and indeed it is not the pivot.

In a local outbuilding there is an English solider, whose aeroplane has come down. While the narrator is infatuated with the girl, she in turn is experiencing her first love – for a man with whom she cannot converse, and whose presence she must keep secret. We learn this piece-by-piece, through the eyes of a fourteen year old boy. Or, rather, through those eyes as remembered by the same boy fifty years later – for Virginia is a novella of remembering, and incomplete recollections. The narrator calls the boy ‘he’, even though it is himself. We see the scenes through a glass darkly – and this is the pivot on which the novella turns. The boy has accidentally discovered the English pilot’s hiding place:

The German soldiers had stopped on the other side of the planked wall. He could hear their voices quite clearly now but couldn’t understand what they said. When he looked up again the pilot gestured excitedly at him as if to urge him away, out of the shed to where the soldiers were coming round the corner to the doorway.

He did not move while the other repeated his desperate, soundless gesture. Not a single thought passed through his mind in the seconds that followed, but through all the succeeding years I have asked myself whether the German soldiers had seen me go into the shed and whether it would have made any difference if I had gone out to them alone instead of letting them find us together.

Maybe they would have searched the place anyway. On the other hand it is not impossible that they might merely have laughed at the terrified boy who came out of his hiding place before they went along the path, while in fact the boy stayed there watching them and holding his breath. The possibility has stayed with me always, like a thought I have never been able to think through to the end and so have never finished.

These thoughts stay with the reader as well as the character through the rest of the novella – we move forwards fifty years. The narrator saw the girl (then a middle-aged, grey-haired woman) only once more, in Paris – he later meets her ex-husband and children. These scenes are haunted by his uncertain guilt – even more subtle than Atonement, because he cannot be certain that his actions were wrong, or just simply tragically unfortunate. It is a moment which has defined much of his life – but one over which he may have had no control.

In so slight a novella, so much is evoked. There is even something of a twist, which I shan’t spoil, but which is elegant and sobering. As I wrote at the top, Scandinavian authors seem to have a beautiful way of encasing a narrative in a sort of hazy beauty. Grøndahl enhances this by having almost no direct dialogue – which makes the novella so much more authentic as the recollections of a 64 year old man for his youth, as well as putting the events at a suitably nebulous distance. For those of you who love novellas as much as I do, Virginia is a really beautiful, thoughtful example (and there are copies from a penny on Amazon!) – I look forward to finding what else Grøndahl has written. Anyone?

Books to get Stuck into:

Crow Lake by Mary Lawson: this portrayal of rural American [edit: I mean Canadian, thanks Elizabeth!] family life, and the sister who left and has felt guilty all her life, has an equally clever twist, as well as being funny, sad, and thoughtful.

Atonement by Ian McEwan: well, it had to be, didn’t it? I’ve not reviewed it on SiaB, but writ on a larger scale than Virginia, it’s undoubtedly a clever and moving examination of how momentary decisions cause lasting guilt.

Bassington Giveaway


Do you think the above is the version read by bears everywhere? In between finishing The Unbearable Bassington and writing my review of it, I stumbled across a copy of it – and, even better, it comes with a wide selection of his short stories too – including my favourite, ‘The Story-Teller’.


I’m not just bragging, of course – this little gem is up for grabs. Pop your name in the comments if you’d like me to send this off to you – open worldwide. (Apparently it’s available on Kindle for free, so even if you don’t win this, you should be able to read it!)

The Unbearable Bassington – Saki

One of my favourite things about the blogosphere is when lots of people start reading the same neglected author at the same time. I’ve seen it happen with Shirley Jackson, Barbara Comyns, and of course Persephone favourites Dorothy Whipple, Marghanita Laski etc. It’s even more wonderful when it’s a complete coincidence – I had just finished reading The Unbearable Bassington (1912) by Saki, when Hayley posted her review of it here. We even have identical battered Penguin copies. Actually, hers is much less battered than mine… Hayley and I belong to the same online reading group, and our united praise of the novel has sparked off everyone there dusting off their Complete Saki collections, or buying themselves copies. I had seen a cheap Penguin in my local secondhand bookshop, and offered it up for grabs – Elaine (aka Random Jottings) leapt at the chance, kindly reciprocating with E.F. Benson’s The Luck of the Vails – and she has already posted her thoughts here. (I’ve just spotted, as I edit this post, that Lyn’s review has popped up too!) Cut a long story short, we all thought it was great.


And now to cut a short story long. I have loved Saki ever since I stole my parents’ copy of his complete works. (Er, sorry Mum and Dad… did I ever return it?) His short stories are wonderfully sharp, biting and a little macabre at times – but always hilarious. You can read a couple of them on here, if you select Saki from the drop-down author menu in the left-hand column. So I turned to The Unbearable Bassington expecting more of the same… well, there is certainly a lot of one-liners, the litotes which British authors do so well, and a sort of Wildean humour. I liked this line: “As far as remunerative achievement was concerned, Comus copied the insouciance of the field lily with a dangerous fidelity.” (If the Biblical allusion passes you by, click here.) Even the epigraph could have been penned by our Oscar: ‘This story has no moral. If it points out an evil at any rate it suggests no remedy.’ And Comus Bassington could have stepped out of one of Wilde’s works – he is a feckless, money-wasting burden upon his mother Francesca. He absently intends to marry heiress Elaine, but puts no effort into wooing her. Instead, he borrows money from her to waste, and generally lives a hedonistic, slightly sadistic, life. Here he is:
In appearance he exactly fitted his fanciful Pagan name. His large green-grey eyes seemed for ever asparkle with goblin mischief and the joy of revelry, and the curved lips might have been those of some wickedly-laughing faun; one almost expected to see embryo horns fretting the smoothness of his sleek dark hair. The chin was firm, but one looked in vain for a redeeming touch of ill-temper in the handsome, half-mocking, half-petulant face. With a strain of sourness in him Comus might have been leavened into something creative and masterful; fate had fashioned him with a certain whimsical charm, and left him all unequipped for the greater purposes of life. Perhaps no one would have called him a lovable character, but in many respects he was adorable; in all respects he was certainly damned.

Francesca is no saint, though. A really interesting discussion could be had as to which Bassington is most appropriately given the epithet ‘unbearable’. Francesca (“if pressed in an unguarded moment to describe her soul, would probably have described her drawing-room”) is dominant on the social scene, which means we see her fierce (but genteel) fighting with everyone else, put-downs delivered with a smile, and constant battling to stay on top (and solvent). Saki’s eye for the viciousness of social interaction is matched only by E.F. Benson’s, and Saki does less to cloak it. It’s all rounded-off with delicious humour, of course, but there’s no getting away from the fact that mother and son are equally selfish – although they care for each other, in a disguised and distorted manner. Here is Francesca’s oh-so-empathetic thoughts about her brother:
In her brother Henry, who sat eating small cress sandwiches as solemnly as though they had been ordained in some immemorial Book of Observances, fate had been undisguisedly kind to her. He might so easily have married some pretty helpless little woman, and lived at Notting Hill Gate, and been the father of a long string of pale, clever useless children, who would have had birthdays and the sort of illnesses that one is expected to send grapes to, and who would have painted fatuous objects in a South Kensington manner as Christmas offerings to an aunt whose cubic space for limber was limited. Instead of committing these unbrotherly actions, which are so frequent in family life that they might almost be called brotherly, Henry had married a woman who had both money and a sense of repose, and their one child had the brilliant virtue of never saying anything which even its parents could consider worth repeating.

Saki continues in a similar vein for much of the novel, and it is delicious. Lots of social cattiness and social failure, awkwardness when nemeses are sat together at dinner, that sort of thing. If it did not have the bite of his short stories, or quite their brilliance, then it was still certainly very good – the sort of thing a Mapp & Lucia fan would want to read when they’re at their most spiky.

I thought I had a firm grasp on what Saki was doing, and I was enjoying it a lot, until I came to the final chapter. Oh, that final chapter. I shan’t tell you the catalyst, but it is some of the best and saddest writing I have ever read. So, so brilliantly done – not a word overwritten, and not a false emotion. Stunning. At first it felt like it had come out of nowhere, completely out of kilter with the rest of the novel – but it actually had the effect of unveiling my eyes to the rest of The Unbearable Bassington: suddenly I could see that laughter and weeping, joy and sadness, had danced together throughout the whole narrative. Laughter was resolutely winning most of the way – but when it slipped, and weeping rode higher, it was really only the undercurrent of the novel flooding into view.

The Unbearable Bassington really is the most incredible little book. I think I still prefer his exemplary short stories, for their quick and witty impact, but The Unbearable Bassington is spectacular in a different way. Capuchin have recently republished it, and I’m glad that someone has – this is a novel which shouldn’t be neglected, and here’s hoping that the recent spate of reviews across the blogs will encourage a mini Saki-revival…

Song for a Sunday

Some unashamed summery pop music today, I think, in a bid to encourage the sun to shine. A Fine Frenzy has released two albums – this is from her second, Bomb in a Birdcage. It’s perhaps not my favourite from the album, but I do love the video, and the song is lively and fun. Here is ‘Electric Twist’ – enjoy!

For all previous Sunday Songs, click here.

A very quick weekend miscellany…

Just two things today –

1.) Thank you SO much for all your wonderful and impassioned comments on my Agatha Christie vs. Dorothy L. Sayers post here. If you haven’t done so, do go and read the comments – they’re brilliant, and often hilarious. And the poll at the moment? I’m delighted to say that Agatha is three votes ahead of Dorothy!

2.) It’s time for the prize draw for Mr. Chartwell by Rebecca Hunt. Patch hasn’t been in action recently, but since this novel is about a dog, it seems right and proper that he lends a hand. And the winner is…


Congratulations, Harriet! And thanks Patch for choosing someone who lives in Oxford… promise it wasn’t rigged. Have a good weekend, everyone.

Hardy hard? Hardly…

Quite often you’ll see Harriet and I write about the same books around about the same time. That’s because we’re in the same book group in Oxford… and usually she is much more prompt than me at actually getting around to writing about the things. Today’s post is no different – I’m writing about Thomas Hardy’s The Return of the Native, and she did so here.

I thought I’d cracked Hardy, last year. I made my second attempt with Jude the Obscure, and loved it – it even ended up on my Top Ten of 2010. And so I was excited when Harriet suggested that our book group read The Return of the Native – I wanted to get some more Hardy under my belt, now that I’d discovered that I loved him.

Hmm. Well, that didn’t pan out quite as expected. You’ll have to forgive my post title – I put it in because it amused me, not because it was true. Whilst I’d been surprised that Jude swept me along like a modern page-turner, I found The Return of the Native something of a slog.


The novel kicks off with a few pages describing Egdon Heath, which are apparently famous and much-loved. Well, you know me and descriptions of landscape – I was flicking past these pages before too long. And we come to a group of yokels discussing and dancing on the hillside. This crowd did give for a moment or two of something I didn’t expect at all – humour!Want of breath prevented a continuance of the songs; and the breakdown attracted the attention of a firm-standing man of middle age, who kept each corner of his crescent-shaped mouth rigorously drawn back into his cheek, as if to do away with any suspicion of mirthfulness which might erroneously have attached to him.That occasioned a little chuckle, and I liked this next bit from later in the novel so much that I went and read it aloud to my housemate:
“Strange notions, has he?” said the old man. “Ah, there’s too much of that sending to school in these days! It only does harm. Every gateost and barn’s door you come to is sure to have some bad word or other chalked upon it by the young rascals: a woman can hardly pass for shame some times. If they’d never been taught how to write they wouldn’t have been able to scribble such villainy. Their fathers couldn’t do it, and the country was all the better for it.”(In my village, I must say, the local vandals tended towards the pictorial.) None of these characters end up being particularly important, however, and it’s all a rather lengthy introduction to some of the novel’s main players – Eustacia Vye and Damon Wildeve. Eustacia is all flashing eyes and passionate proclamations; Damon is all wry comments alternating with romantic gestures. Awkward, then, that he’s about to marry someone else – a girl so virtuous and accepting that I can’t even remember her name.

Naturally everyone is in love with everyone else. Throw the reddleman Diggory Venn into the mix (a reddleman being someone who transports sheep-dye around the countryside, and is covered head to toe in the stuff), and the ‘native’ himself Clym Yeobright, and we’ve got a love-hexagon or -septagon or somesuch going on. To be honest, it all felt a bit like a watered down version of Jude the Obscure, even though that novel came later. All the partner-swapping, and going back and forth between people; false promises and broken vows; wild and amorous announcements followed by bitter renouncing, etc. etc. This excerpt is fairly representative:
She interrupted with a suppressed fire of which either love or anger seemed an equally possible issue, “Do you love me now?”

“Who can say?”

“Tell me; I will know it!”

“I do, and I do not,” he said mischeviously. “That is, I have my times and my seasons. One moment you are too tall, another moment you are too do-nothing, another too melancholy, another too dark, another I don’t know what, except – that you are not the whole world to me that you used to be, my dear. But you are a pleasant lady to know, and nice to meet, and I dare say as sweet as ever – almost.”This sort of histrionics does occasionally result in humour where I imagine Hardy didn’t intend it. The following is possibly my favourite quotation from Victorian literature, and one I intend to put to good use in moments of over-dramatic angst:
“Your eyes seem heavy, Eustacia!”

“No, it is my general way of looking. I think it arises from my feeling sometimes an agonizing pity for myself that I ever was born.”Well, quite, Eustacia. It comes to us all.

I can’t decide whether The Return of the Native really is much worse than Jude the Obscure or if I was simply not in the mood for Hardy. And I wasn’t, especially since I had to speed-read the second half for book group… to which only one other person came!

Perhaps I’m not being fair, and I have enjoyed ripping into Hardy a bit – it somewhat makes up for the slog I had reading it. I’d love (as I always love) someone to come along and disagree with me – there must be someone who loves this novel? Maybe I would if I read it in a different mood. As it is… I’m back to the drawing-board with Thomas Hardy.

Year Three & Four: The Sketches

It seems that, despite my best intentions, at no point in the last year did I collect together the sketches from Year Three on my blog – so here are Year Three and Four together! They’ve been sadly less frequent than I intended when I started up this blog, but… never mind. In fact, I can’t believe there have only been fourteen in the past two years. Oops. Must Do Better.

Clicking on each cartoon *should* take you to the relevant post.














Agatha vs. Dorothy

In the six-and-a-half years that I have lived in Oxford, I have only been to three events at the Oxford Literary Festival. This is owing to a few reasons – mostly, perhaps, because I tended to be at home when an undergraduate, and at work since then. It doesn’t help that they now charge £5 simply to find out what events are happening when (in a book filled with adverts – one would think they should either charge for it, or have adverts, but not both). You can scroll through the website, but it is tedious.

I must add the third reason that I have been so rarely – all the authors I love are dead. There are some I like who are alive, but that number does not include many of the literati who favour Literary Festivals with their talks. So… what could be better than a talk about dead authors??

Harriet reminded me in the morning, when we blitzed an Oxfam book fair together, and I headed along to Agatha vs. Dorothy – PD James and Jill Paton-Walsh debating these grande dames of detective fiction.

It was a wonderful discussion – Phyllis James is very funny, and both women had very perceptive things to say about detective fiction as a genre, and amicably disagreed with one another at various points. The central idea behind the talk was that James would champion Agatha Christie, while Paton-Walsh championed Dorothy L. Sayers. It didn’t quite work out like that, since (as one audience member perspicaciously pointed out) both seemed to prefer Sayers. James based her defence on the fact that Christie is more popular… but said she thought Sayers was the better writer, with better characters too.

We (the audience) were asked at the beginning and end to raise our hands in support of either Agatha or Dorothy. Mine went firmly up for Agatha both times – and I wish PD James had been more emphatic in her defence of Agatha Christie, without feeling the need to rest upon four billion sales worldwide, astonishing though that number is. I have no qualms in saying that I prefer Christie’s novels to Sayers – and I might even go so far as to say they are better. Without a doubt, on a paragraph-by-paragraph comparison, Sayers is the better prose stylist. But when it comes to plotting out a mystery, with clues and twists and denouement, Christie is more or less a genius, and Sayers is utterly hopeless. True, I have only read two of her novels (Strong Poison and Gaudy Night) but both are amateurish in terms of the whodunnit plot. Whereas Christie’s incredible talent in this area is, to my mind, unparalleled.

And onto characters. Yes… Christie’s supporting characters are somewhat cliche-laden (even though, as I discovered last summer when reading Murder at the Vicarage, she is rather funnier with them than I’d remembered) but if working harder at characters makes you come up with the loathsome Peter Wimsey, then I’m rather glad she didn’t… Right now I’m ducking, because I know that (inexplicably) Lord Wimsey is adored and cherished throughout much of the blogosphere, but I couldn’t stand him and his self-pleased snobbery. Eugh! Whereas Poirot and Miss Marple are wonderful.

So, that’s my colours nailed to the mast. Please raise your hands (or, since I shan’t be able to see that, post in the comments) for Agatha or Dorothy – and make your defences as impassioned as mine!

Year Five: Book Reviews

Baker, Frank – Mr. Allenby Loses The Way 
Barnes, Julian – The Sense of an Ending 
Beaton, Cecil – Ashcombe
Benson, Stella – Living Alone
Bentley, Nicolas – How Can You Bear To Be Human?
Betts, P.Y. – People Who Say Goodbye
Bioy Casares, Adolfo – The Invention of Morel
Border, Terry – Bent Objects 
Bowles, Jane – Two Serious Ladies
Bridge, Ann – Illyrian Spring
Brookner, Anita – Hotel du Lac
Capote, Truman – In Cold Blood
Chesterton, G.K. – The Man Who Was Thursday
Cholmondeley, Mary – Red Pottage
Colquhoun, Kate – Mr. Brigg’s Hat (Review by Our Vicar’s Wife)
Crompton, Richmal – Still William
Dick, Kay – Ivy and Stevie 
Dickens, Charles – Great Expectations 
Dostoevsky, Fyodor – The Double
Essex, Mary – The Amorous Bicycle
Evens, Brecht – The Wrong Place
Fadiman, Anne – At Large and At Small
Ferguson, Rachel – Passionate Kensington
Field, Eugene – The Love Affairs of a Bibliomaniac
Gallico, Paul – Jennie
Gibbons, Stella – Westwood
Girouard, Mark – Enthusiasms
Goldsworthy, Peter – Maestro 
Graham, Virginia – Here’s How
Green, Henry – Blindness
Grondahl, Jens Christian – Virginia
Hamilton, Patrick – The Slaves of Solitude
Hardy, Thomas – The Return of the Native
Hillis, Marjorie – Live Alone and Like It
Howe, Bea – A Fairy Leapt Upon My Knee
Jackson, Shirley – Life Among the Savages
Jackson, Shirley – Raising Demons
Jackson, Shirley – The Lottery and other stories 
Kaufman, Andrew – The Tiny Wife
Keller, Helen – The World I Live In  
Kennedy, Margaret – Jane Austen 
Kerr, Jean – Please Don’t Eat The Daisies
Kingsolver, Barbara – The Poisonwood Bible
Last, Nella – Nella Last’s Peace
Leduc, Violette – The Lady and the Little Fox Fur
Macaulay, Rose – The World My Wilderness 
Maugham, W. Somerset – Up At The Villa
Maxwell, William – So Long, See You Tomorrow
Maxwell, William & Sylvia Townsend Warner – The Element of Lavishness
Mayor, F.M. – The Rector’s Daughter
Mills, Magnus – All Quiet on the Orient Express
Milne, A.A. – Mr. Pim Passes By
Morley, Christopher – Safety Pins
Nicholls, David – One Day
Olivier, Edith – Night Thoughts of a Country Landlady
Olivier, Edith – Country Moods and Tenses  
Panter-Downes, Mollie – One Fine Day
Pratchett, Terry – Going Postal
Queneau, Raymond – Exercises in Style
Saki – The Unbearable Bassington
Smith, Dodie – I Capture the Castle
Smith, Dodie – The Town in Bloom
Smith, Dodie – Look Back With Love  
Smith, Dodie – Dear Octopus
Spark, Muriel – Memento Mori
Steinbeck, John – The Pearl
Stephenson, Simon – Let Not The Waves of the Sea
Stonier, G.W. – Shaving Through the Blitz
Strachan, Mari – The Earth Hums in B Flat
Taylor, Elizabeth – A View of the Harbour
Toole, John Kennedy – A Confederacy of Dunces
Townsend, Sue – Adrian Mole series  
Trefusis, Violet – Echo
Trevelyan, G.E. – Appius and Virginia
Trillin, Calvin – Tepper Isn’t Going Out
Trillin, Calvin – Deadline Poet 
Vincent, Lady Kitty – Gin and Ginger
von Arnim, Elizabeth – Christopher and Columbus
Warner, Sylvia Townsend – Time Importuned  
Warner, Sylvia Townsend – Opus 7 

Warner, Sylvia Townsend and William Maxwell – The Element of Lavishness 
Winman, Sarah – When God Was A Rabbit
Wodehouse, P.G. – Right Ho, Jeeves 
Wren, Jenny – Lazy Thoughts of a Lazy Girl
Young, E.H. – The Misses Mallett